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| Attribute | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | ISRO | CNSA | Intuitive Machines |
| Prime contractor | ISRO | China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) | Intuitive Machines |
| Status | In development | Landed | Landed |
| Customer | ISRO | CNSA | NASA-CLPS |
| Launch date | 2027–2028 (NET) | 2024-05-03 | 2024-02-15 |
| Landing date | — | 2024-06-01 | 2024-02-22 |
| Landing site | Near Mons Mouton, lunar south pole | Apollo crater, South Pole-Aitken Basin (lunar far side) | Malapert A crater, ~300 km from lunar south pole |
| Payload | Up to 3 kg lunar sample return (2026-02-06) | 1,935.3 g of lunar far-side regolith returned to Earth (2024-06-25) | ~100 kg payload capacity (1,908 kg launch mass) (2024-02-22) |
| Contract value | — | — | $118M (2024-02-15) |
| Outcome | India's first lunar sample-return mission. Five modules launched on two LVM3 vehicles; requires both Earth-orbit and lunar-orbit docking — first-time capabilities for ISRO. Architecture sanctioned by Government of India September 2024. | First-ever sample return from the lunar far side and the South Pole-Aitken Basin. Used the Queqiao-2 relay satellite for far-side comms. Samples revealed unexpectedly cohesive grain behavior and excavated material from the Moon's mantle. | First US Moon landing since Apollo 17 and first commercial soft landing in history. Lander tipped to ~30° on touchdown after landing-leg failure but transmitted data for ~7 days before sunset. |
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Underlying dataset: GET /api/moon/landers. Methodology: /moon/methodology.