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| Attribute | ||
|---|---|---|
| Operator | ISRO | CNSA |
| Prime contractor | ISRO | China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) |
| Status | In development | In development |
| Customer | ISRO | CNSA |
| Launch date | 2027–2028 (NET) | 2026-08 (NET) |
| Landing date | — | — |
| Landing site | Near Mons Mouton, lunar south pole | Shackleton crater illuminated rim, lunar south pole |
| Payload | Up to 3 kg lunar sample return (2026-02-06) | 18 science payloads across orbiter, lander, rover, mini-hopper, and Queqiao-2 (2026-05-28) |
| Contract value | — | — |
| Outcome | India's first lunar sample-return mission. Five modules launched on two LVM3 vehicles; requires both Earth-orbit and lunar-orbit docking — first-time capabilities for ISRO. Architecture sanctioned by Government of India September 2024. | China's first dedicated lunar south-pole prospecting mission. Mini-flying probe hops into permanently shadowed regions to sample for water-ice volatiles. Italian laser retroreflector aboard the lander. |
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Underlying dataset: GET /api/moon/landers. Methodology: /moon/methodology.