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| Attribute | HAKUTO-R Series 2 Resilience (SMBC × HAKUTO-R Venture Moon) Trust: Agency-primary Last verified Remove × | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | CNSA | ispace | ISRO |
| Prime contractor | China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) | ispace | ISRO |
| Status | Landed | Lost | Landed |
| Customer | CNSA | private | ISRO |
| Launch date | 2024-05-03 | 2025-01-15 | 2023-07-14 |
| Landing date | 2024-06-01 | 2025-06-05 | 2023-08-23 |
| Landing site | Apollo crater, South Pole-Aitken Basin (lunar far side) | Mare Frigoris (center; hard landing) | Statio Shiv Shakti, 69.37°S — first soft landing near lunar south pole |
| Payload | 1,935.3 g of lunar far-side regolith returned to Earth (2024-06-25) | Tenacious micro-rover (5 kg, ispace EU) + 5 commercial payloads (2025-06-05) | Pragyan rover 27 kg + lander Vikram 1,749 kg (2023-08-23) |
| Contract value | — | — | ₹6.15B (~$75M USD) (2023-07-14) |
| Outcome | First-ever sample return from the lunar far side and the South Pole-Aitken Basin. Used the Queqiao-2 relay satellite for far-side comms. Samples revealed unexpectedly cohesive grain behavior and excavated material from the Moon's mantle. | Laser Range Finder anomaly during descent caused hard landing; data lost ~90 seconds before scheduled touchdown at 19:17 UTC. NASA's LRO imaged impact dark-smudge on 2025-06-11. ispace's 2025-06-24 technical analysis ruled out propulsion/power; isolated cause to LRF. | First soft landing near the lunar south pole and first lunar landing by ISRO. Pragyan rover traversed ~100 m over 10 lunar days, confirmed sulfur, aluminium, calcium, iron, chromium, titanium, manganese, silicon, oxygen at the landing site. Lander 'hopped' to a secondary location demonstrating reusable propulsion. |
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