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| Attribute | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | CNSA | Blue Origin | ISRO |
| Prime contractor | China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) | Blue Origin (with Lockheed Martin, Boeing, Draper, Astrobotic, Honeybee Robotics on prime team) | ISRO |
| Status | In development | In development | In development |
| Customer | CNSA | NASA-HLS | ISRO |
| Launch date | 2026-08 (NET) | 2030 (NET — Artemis V crewed); uncrewed demo 2027 | 2027–2028 (NET) |
| Landing date | — | — | — |
| Landing site | Shackleton crater illuminated rim, lunar south pole | Lunar south pole — 30-day surface stays | Near Mons Mouton, lunar south pole |
| Payload | 18 science payloads across orbiter, lander, rover, mini-hopper, and Queqiao-2 (2026-05-28) | 20 t reusable / 30 t one-way to surface; crew 2-4 for up to 30 days (2026-01-04) | Up to 3 kg lunar sample return (2026-02-06) |
| Contract value | — | $3.4B (2023-05-19) | — |
| Outcome | China's first dedicated lunar south-pole prospecting mission. Mini-flying probe hops into permanently shadowed regions to sample for water-ice volatiles. Italian laser retroreflector aboard the lander. | Selected May 2023 as second HLS provider for sustained Artemis-era lunar operations. Full-scale prototype delivered to NASA Johnson Space Center in early 2026 for astronaut training. Completed third pressurized suit-test campaign with NASA Johnson's Active Response Gravity Offload System (ARGOS). | India's first lunar sample-return mission. Five modules launched on two LVM3 vehicles; requires both Earth-orbit and lunar-orbit docking — first-time capabilities for ISRO. Architecture sanctioned by Government of India September 2024. |
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Underlying dataset: GET /api/moon/landers. Methodology: /moon/methodology.