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| Attribute | LUPEX (ISRO lander + JAXA rover) Lunar Polar Exploration Mission Trust: Agency-primary Last verified Remove × | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | JAXA + ISRO | CNSA | ispace |
| Prime contractor | JAXA + ISRO | China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) | ispace |
| Status | In development | Landed | Lost |
| Customer | JAXAISRO | CNSA | private |
| Launch date | 2028 (NET) | 2024-05-03 | 2022-12-11 |
| Landing date | — | 2024-06-01 | 2023-04-25 |
| Landing site | Lunar south pole (permanently shadowed crater margin) | Apollo crater, South Pole-Aitken Basin (lunar far side) | Atlas crater, Mare Frigoris (planned; impacted at altitude ~5 km) |
| Payload | ~350 kg rover with drilling to 1.5 m + ISRO lander (2026-05-28) | 1,935.3 g of lunar far-side regolith returned to Earth (2024-06-25) | Rashid rover (10 kg, UAE/MBRSC) + Sora-Q (0.25 kg, JAXA) + commercial (2023-04-25) |
| Contract value | — | — | — |
| Outcome | Joint ISRO-JAXA water-ice prospecting mission, designated Chandrayaan-5 by India. India's cabinet approved Phase A on 2025-03-10. Launches on JAXA's H3. Carries American and European instruments alongside Indian and Japanese ones. | First-ever sample return from the lunar far side and the South Pole-Aitken Basin. Used the Queqiao-2 relay satellite for far-side comms. Samples revealed unexpectedly cohesive grain behavior and excavated material from the Moon's mantle. | Travelled ~1.4M km — at the time, furthest a privately funded spacecraft had flown. Software flagged the radar altimeter as faulty after the lander crossed a crater rim cliff and ignored its readings. Lander ran out of fuel hovering ~5 km above surface and free-fell. |
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Underlying dataset: GET /api/moon/landers. Methodology: /moon/methodology.