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| Attribute | LUPEX (ISRO lander + JAXA rover) Lunar Polar Exploration Mission Trust: Agency-primary Last verified Remove × | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | Astrobotic | SpaceX | JAXA + ISRO |
| Prime contractor | Astrobotic | SpaceX | JAXA + ISRO |
| Status | Lost | In development | In development |
| Customer | NASA-CLPS | NASA-HLS | JAXAISRO |
| Launch date | 2024-01-08 | 2027 (NET — Artemis III) | 2028 (NET) |
| Landing date | — | — | — |
| Landing site | Sinus Viscositatis (planned; never reached) | Lunar south pole (NASA-curated candidate region near 84-90°S) | Lunar south pole (permanently shadowed crater margin) |
| Payload | 20 payloads from 7 nations (2024-01-08) | ~100 tonnes to lunar surface (sustained variant target) (2024-04-16) | ~350 kg rover with drilling to 1.5 m + ISRO lander (2026-05-28) |
| Contract value | $108M (2024-01-08) | $2.89B + $1.15B Option B = $4.04B total (2022-11-15) | — |
| Outcome | Maiden flight of ULA's Vulcan Centaur. Helium pressurant valve failed to reseal post-actuation, over-pressurizing the oxidizer tank and rupturing it. Lander commanded into controlled re-entry; burned up over South Pacific 2024-01-18. | Selected April 2021 as sole HLS provider for Artemis III. Architecture requires Super Heavy launch + multiple Starship tanker refueling flights in LEO + transit to NRHO + rendezvous with Orion (SLS). NASA OIG IG-26-004 (March 2026) flagged crew-rescue capability as open risk. October 2025: NASA acting administrator Sean Duffy reopened Artemis III lander contract to competition due to Starship development pace. | Joint ISRO-JAXA water-ice prospecting mission, designated Chandrayaan-5 by India. India's cabinet approved Phase A on 2025-03-10. Launches on JAXA's H3. Carries American and European instruments alongside Indian and Japanese ones. |
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Underlying dataset: GET /api/moon/landers. Methodology: /moon/methodology.