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| Attribute | HAKUTO-R Series 2 Resilience (SMBC × HAKUTO-R Venture Moon) Trust: Agency-primary Last verified Remove × | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | JAXA | ISRO | ispace |
| Prime contractor | Mitsubishi Electric | ISRO | ispace |
| Status | Landed | Landed | Lost |
| Customer | JAXA | ISRO | private |
| Launch date | 2023-09-06 | 2023-07-14 | 2025-01-15 |
| Landing date | 2024-01-19 | 2023-08-23 | 2025-06-05 |
| Landing site | Near Shioli crater, Mare Nectaris (~10 m precision vs 100 m target) | Statio Shiv Shakti, 69.37°S — first soft landing near lunar south pole | Mare Frigoris (center; hard landing) |
| Payload | LEV-1 (2.1 kg hopper) + LEV-2 'SORA-Q' (0.25 kg sphere) (2024-01-19) | Pragyan rover 27 kg + lander Vikram 1,749 kg (2023-08-23) | Tenacious micro-rover (5 kg, ispace EU) + 5 commercial payloads (2025-06-05) |
| Contract value | — | ₹6.15B (~$75M USD) (2023-07-14) | — |
| Outcome | First Japanese soft landing; made Japan the 5th nation to soft-land on the Moon. One of two main engines failed at ~50 m altitude; lander touched down on its side but still met 100-m precision goal. Survived four lunar-night cycles despite not being designed for it; declared concluded 2024-08-23. | First soft landing near the lunar south pole and first lunar landing by ISRO. Pragyan rover traversed ~100 m over 10 lunar days, confirmed sulfur, aluminium, calcium, iron, chromium, titanium, manganese, silicon, oxygen at the landing site. Lander 'hopped' to a secondary location demonstrating reusable propulsion. | Laser Range Finder anomaly during descent caused hard landing; data lost ~90 seconds before scheduled touchdown at 19:17 UTC. NASA's LRO imaged impact dark-smudge on 2025-06-11. ispace's 2025-06-24 technical analysis ruled out propulsion/power; isolated cause to LRF. |
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