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| Attribute | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | JAXA | ispace | ISRO |
| Prime contractor | Mitsubishi Electric | ispace | ISRO |
| Status | Landed | Lost | Landed |
| Customer | JAXA | private | ISRO |
| Launch date | 2023-09-06 | 2022-12-11 | 2023-07-14 |
| Landing date | 2024-01-19 | 2023-04-25 | 2023-08-23 |
| Landing site | Near Shioli crater, Mare Nectaris (~10 m precision vs 100 m target) | Atlas crater, Mare Frigoris (planned; impacted at altitude ~5 km) | Statio Shiv Shakti, 69.37°S — first soft landing near lunar south pole |
| Payload | LEV-1 (2.1 kg hopper) + LEV-2 'SORA-Q' (0.25 kg sphere) (2024-01-19) | Rashid rover (10 kg, UAE/MBRSC) + Sora-Q (0.25 kg, JAXA) + commercial (2023-04-25) | Pragyan rover 27 kg + lander Vikram 1,749 kg (2023-08-23) |
| Contract value | — | — | ₹6.15B (~$75M USD) (2023-07-14) |
| Outcome | First Japanese soft landing; made Japan the 5th nation to soft-land on the Moon. One of two main engines failed at ~50 m altitude; lander touched down on its side but still met 100-m precision goal. Survived four lunar-night cycles despite not being designed for it; declared concluded 2024-08-23. | Travelled ~1.4M km — at the time, furthest a privately funded spacecraft had flown. Software flagged the radar altimeter as faulty after the lander crossed a crater rim cliff and ignored its readings. Lander ran out of fuel hovering ~5 km above surface and free-fell. | First soft landing near the lunar south pole and first lunar landing by ISRO. Pragyan rover traversed ~100 m over 10 lunar days, confirmed sulfur, aluminium, calcium, iron, chromium, titanium, manganese, silicon, oxygen at the landing site. Lander 'hopped' to a secondary location demonstrating reusable propulsion. |
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