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Six nations have placed lunar orbiters since 2007 — a 4× increase in 15 years.
| Attribute | 🇰🇷 KPLO (Danuri) Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Agency-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | 🇯🇵 SELENE (Kaguya) SELenological and ENgineering Explorer Trust: Agency-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | 🇮🇳 Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter Chandrayaan-2 Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Agency-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × |
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| Agency | KARI / NASA | JAXA | ISRO |
| Status | Active | Mission Complete | Active |
| Mission type | Orbiter | Orbiter | Orbiter-Lander |
| Launch date | 2022-08-05 | 2007-09-14 | 2019-07-22 |
| End date | Active | 2009-06-10 | Active |
| Orbit | 100 km circular polar orbit | 100 km circular polar orbit (primary phase) | ~100 km circular polar orbit |
| Mass | 678 kgas of [1] | 2,855 kgas of [1]Main orbiter (2,230 kg) + Rstar relay sub-satellite (53 kg) + VRAD sub-satellite (52 kg) ↑ Heaviest | 2,379 kgas of [1]Combined orbiter (2,379 kg) + Vikram lander (1,471 kg) + Pragyan rover (27 kg) at launch; lander crashed Sep 2019 |
| Instruments | 6 instrumentsas of [1]LUTI, PolCam, KMAG, KGRS, LVND, ShadowCam (NASA contributed) | 15 instrumentsas of [1] ↑ Most instruments | 8 instrumentsas of [1]Dual Frequency SAR, IIRS, TMC2, CLASS, OHRC, CHACE-2, DFRS, VELC |
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| Outcome | South Korea's first lunar spacecraft, a joint KARI–NASA mission. The NASA-provided ShadowCam instrument has revealed unprecedented detail inside permanently shadowed polar craters that could host water-ice. The mission is on an extended science phase as of 2026. | JAXA's flagship lunar orbiter, second only to LRO in scientific output. SELENE performed a controlled impact on the lunar near-side in June 2009, with the impact flash confirmed by ground telescopes. Its terrain camera produced the most complete global DEM of the Moon prior to LOLA/LRO. | The orbiter component continues functioning perfectly after the Vikram lander crash-landed on 7 September 2019. As of 2026, the orbiter's instruments are providing high-quality science data on the lunar surface composition and polar water-ice deposits. |
All 11 lunar orbital missions with primary-source citations from NASA, ESA, JAXA, ISRO, CNSA, and NASA NSSDCA. Coverage spans Clementine (1994) through LRO (active 2026). Pure URL state — bookmark or share the link and the comparison reproduces exactly.