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The global launch market reached $14.1 billion in 2024 — up 34% since 2021.
| Attribute | GSLV Mk III (LVM3) 🇮🇳 India Trust: Agency-primaryⓘ Last verified Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Remove × | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Company | ISRO | Firefly Aerospace | Roscosmos / Progress Rocket Space Centre |
| Country | 🇮🇳 India | 🇺🇸 USA | 🇷🇺 Russia |
| Status | Active | Active | Active |
| Vehicle class | Heavy | Small | Medium |
| Propellant | Solid (S200 boosters) + UDMH/N₂O₄ (L110) + LH₂/LOX (C25) | RP-1 / LOX | RP-1 / LOX |
| Reusable | No | No | No |
| Stages | 3 | 2 | 3 |
| First flight | 2017 | 2021 | 2004 |
| Payload to LEO | 10,000 kgas of [1] ↑ Best | 1,030 kgas of [1]SSO capacity ~630 kg | 8,200 kgas of [1]Soyuz-2.1b with Fregat upper stage; 2.1a variant ~7,020 kg LEO |
| Payload to GTO | 4,000 kgas of [1] ↑ Best | — | 3,250 kgas of [1]With Fregat-M upper stage |
| Height | 43.43 mas of [1] | 29 mas of [1] | 46.3 mas of [1] ↑ Best |
| Liftoff mass | 643 tas of [1] ↑ Best | 54 tas of [1] | 312 tas of [1] |
| Success rate | 100%as of [2]10/10 missions since development flight 2014 (D1). Production flights since 2017. ↑ Best | 43%as of [2]3/7 full successes (FLTA003 Jul 2023, FLTA005 Dec 2024, FLTA007 Mar 2026) + 2 partial successes + 2 failures through FLTA007 | 97%as of [2]~160/165 mission successes since 2004 per aggregated launch logs |
| Total flights | 10as of [2] | 7as of [2] | ~165as of [2] ↑ Best |
| Cost / kg LEO | ~$4,500/kgas of [1]Estimated from OneWeb commercial contract ~$450M for 36 satellites (~5 tonne batch to GTO) ↓ Cheapest | ~$14,500/kgas of [1]Based on ~$15M list price / 1,030 kg LEO | — |
| Summary | India's most powerful rocket. Launched Chandrayaan-3 (Moon lander) in Jul 2023 and OneWeb internet satellites commercially. Renamed LVM3 (Launch Vehicle Mark 3) in 2022. The CE-20 cryogenic engine was entirely ISRO-developed — previously India depended on Russian technology for the GSLV Mk II. | Firefly Aerospace's two-stage small-lift rocket powered by four Reaver engines at sea level and one Lightning engine in vacuum. Also provides launch services for NASA's CLPS programme (Blue Ghost lander launched on Falcon 9). FLTA007 'Stairway to Seven' succeeded Mar 11, 2026. | Russia's primary medium-lift workhorse, descended from the Soyuz family that has flown since 1966. Carries both crewed Soyuz spacecraft and Cygnus-class cargo. Fregat upper stage significantly expands mission flexibility. Production continues at Samara (now TsSKB-Progress). |
28 launch vehicles across 10 countries — active, retired, and in development — with primary-source citations from manufacturer user guides and agency press kits. Pure URL state: bookmark or share the link and the comparison reproduces exactly.