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Over 70 licensed launch facilities now operate globally — 20 commissioned since 2020.
| Attribute | Plesetsk Cosmodrome 🇷🇺 Russia Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Operator-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | Equatorial Launch Australia (ELA) | Oita Prefecture / NTT Communications consortium | Russian Aerospace Forces (VKS) |
| Ownership | Private | Public-Private | Military |
| Region | 🇦🇺 Australia | 🇯🇵 Japan | 🇷🇺 Russia |
| Launch pads | — | — | 4 active (Sites 43/3, 43/4 Soyuz-2; Site 35 Angara-1.2; Site 35/1 Angara-A5)as of [1] ↑ Most pads |
| Annual launches | 1-3 | 0 | ~10as of [1]Military-dominant cadence; exact figure varies; estimate from public manifests |
| Max payload (LEO) | — | — | 24,500 kg to LEO (Angara A5)as of [1] ↑ Highest capacity |
| First operational launch | 2019 | 2020 | 1966-03-17as of [1]Vostok-2 rocket — Plesetsk's first orbital launch |
| Regulatory regime | Australian Space Agency under Space (Launches and Returns) Act 2018 | MEXT / Cabinet Office Space Activities Act (2018, amended 2023); Oita Airport operates under Japan Civil Aviation Bureau | Roscosmos State Corporation + Russian Ministry of Defence; subject to ITAR / OFAC / EU sanctions post-2022 |
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