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Over 70 licensed launch facilities now operate globally — 20 commissioned since 2020.
| Attribute | Baikonur Cosmodrome 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Agency-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | Roscosmos | Alaska Aerospace | SaxaVord Spaceport Ltd |
| Ownership | International Consortium | State Enterprise | Private |
| Region | 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan | 🇺🇸 United States | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom |
| Launch pads | 9 active (Soyuz-2 × 3, Proton-M × 2, Zenit × 1, Zenith-3SLB, and reserve pads)as of [1]Many historic pads retired; total complex has 52 pads historically ↑ Most pads | — | — |
| Annual launches | ~15as of [1] | 2-5 | 0 |
| Max payload (LEO) | 22,800 kg to LEO (Proton-M)as of [1] ↑ Highest capacity | — | — |
| First operational launch | 1957-10-04as of [1]Sputnik 1 — first artificial Earth satellite ever launched | 1998 | 2022 |
| Regulatory regime | Roscosmos (lease through 2050) / Kazakhstan KazCosmos co-oversight under 1994 lease agreement | FAA-AST Part 450 commercial license; state-owned range safety | UK CAA under the Space Industry Act 2018 + Space Industry Regulations 2021 |
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