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Over 70 licensed launch facilities now operate globally — 20 commissioned since 2020.
| Attribute | Bowen Orbital Spaceport 🇦🇺 Australia Active · Last updated 2026-06-12Trust: Operator-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | Starbase Boca Chica 🇺🇸 United States Active · Last updated 2026-06-28Trust: Operator-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | Plesetsk Cosmodrome 🇷🇺 Russia Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Operator-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | Gilmour Space Technologies | SpaceX | Russian Aerospace Forces (VKS) |
| Ownership | Private | Private | Military |
| Region | 🇦🇺 Australia | 🇺🇸 United States | 🇷🇺 Russia |
| Launch pads | — | 2 (Pad A and Pad B/OLP-2 both operational)as of [3] | 4 active (Sites 43/3, 43/4 Soyuz-2; Site 35 Angara-1.2; Site 35/1 Angara-A5)as of [1] ↑ Most pads |
| Annual launches | 0-2 | Up to 25 Starship flights/yr (FAA cap)as of [3]FAA approval May 2025 raised cap from 5 to 25 flights/yr; 12 integrated flights flown total through Flight 12 (2026-05-22, V3 debut) | ~10as of [1]Military-dominant cadence; exact figure varies; estimate from public manifests |
| Max payload (LEO) | — | 100,000+ kg to LEO (Starship target, fully reusable)as of [1]150,000 kg expendable; fully reusable figure TBC pending HLS missions | 24,500 kg to LEO (Angara A5)as of [1] ↑ Highest capacity |
| First operational launch | 2025-07-30as of [1]Eris TestFlight 1 — first orbital launch attempt by an Australian-made rocket from Australian soil; failed ~14 s after liftoff | 2023-04-20as of [1]Starship IFT-1 — first integrated flight test; vehicle lost at stage separation | 1966-03-17as of [1]Vostok-2 rocket — Plesetsk's first orbital launch |
| Regulatory regime | Australian Space Agency under Space (Launches and Returns) Act 2018 | FAA-AST Part 450 vehicle operator license + site-specific Environmental Assessment / PEA | Roscosmos State Corporation + Russian Ministry of Defence; subject to ITAR / OFAC / EU sanctions post-2022 |
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