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Over 70 licensed launch facilities now operate globally — 20 commissioned since 2020.
| Attribute | Baikonur Cosmodrome 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Agency-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | Wallops Flight Facility 🇺🇸 United States Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Agency-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | Hong Kong Aerospace Technology Group (HKATG) + Government of Djibouti | Roscosmos | NASA |
| Ownership | International Consortium | International Consortium | Public-Private |
| Region | 🇩🇯 Djibouti | 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan | 🇺🇸 United States |
| Launch pads | — | 9 active (Soyuz-2 × 3, Proton-M × 2, Zenit × 1, Zenith-3SLB, and reserve pads)as of [1]Many historic pads retired; total complex has 52 pads historically ↑ Most pads | 2 orbital (Pad 0A Antares, Pad 0B Minotaur-C)as of [1] |
| Annual launches | 0 (under construction) | ~15as of [1] | 6–10as of [1]Includes Antares/Cygnus cargo + sounding rocket campaigns |
| Max payload (LEO) | — | 22,800 kg to LEO (Proton-M)as of [1] | 8,000 kg to LEO (Antares 230+)as of [1] ↑ Highest capacity |
| First operational launch | 2023 | 1957-10-04as of [1]Sputnik 1 — first artificial Earth satellite ever launched | 1945-06-27as of [1]First Wallops Island V-2/WAC Corporal test; orbital launches began 1961 |
| Regulatory regime | Djibouti national authority (regulatory framework under development); subject to international scrutiny via Wassenaar Arrangement and Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) given PRC-linked sponsor | Roscosmos (lease through 2050) / Kazakhstan KazCosmos co-oversight under 1994 lease agreement | NASA range + FAA-AST Part 450 commercial license under MARS operating agreement |
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