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Over 70 licensed launch facilities now operate globally — 20 commissioned since 2020.
| Attribute | Naro Space Center 🇰🇷 South Korea Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Agency-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | Alcantara Launch Center 🇧🇷 Brazil Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Operator-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | ISRO | KARI (Korea Aerospace Research Institute) | Brazilian Air Force (FAB) / Agência Espacial Brasileira (AEB) |
| Ownership | Government | Government | Government |
| Region | 🇮🇳 India | 🇰🇷 South Korea | 🇧🇷 Brazil |
| Launch pads | — | 1 (KSLV-II/Nuri launch pad; KSLV-III pad planned)as of [1] | 1 (CLA mobile launch vehicle; VLM-1 pad under development)as of [1] ↑ Most pads |
| Annual launches | 0 | 2–3as of [1] | 0–1 (first orbital launch pending)as of [1]Sounding rockets operational; VLM-1 orbital debut targeted 2027 |
| Max payload (LEO) | — | 1,500 kg to 500 km SSO (Nuri KSLV-II)as of [1] ↑ Highest capacity | ~150 kg to SSO (VLM-1 target)as of [1]Near-equatorial location (2.3°S) provides ~460 m/s velocity bonus for GTO missions |
| First operational launch | 2025 | 2009-08-25as of [1]KSLV-1 first attempt (partially successful); first successful Korean orbital launch 2022-06-21 (Nuri) | 1990-11-21as of [1]VS-30 sounding rocket; first orbital attempt VLS-1 1997 (pad explosion); new era with VLM-1 |
| Regulatory regime | IN-SPACe (Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Centre) | KASA (Korea AeroSpace Administration, established May 2024) / MSIT | AEB regulatory framework; 2019 U.S.–Brazil Technology Safeguards Agreement enables U.S.-origin payload launches |
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