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Over 70 licensed launch facilities now operate globally — 20 commissioned since 2020.
| Attribute | Naro Space Center 🇰🇷 South Korea Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Agency-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | Uchinoura Space Center 🇯🇵 Japan Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Agency-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | Plesetsk Cosmodrome 🇷🇺 Russia Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Operator-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | KARI (Korea Aerospace Research Institute) | JAXA | Russian Aerospace Forces (VKS) |
| Ownership | Government | Government | Military |
| Region | 🇰🇷 South Korea | 🇯🇵 Japan | 🇷🇺 Russia |
| Launch pads | 1 (KSLV-II/Nuri launch pad; KSLV-III pad planned)as of [1] | 1 orbital (M-V pad, reconfigured for Epsilon-S)as of [1] | 4 active (Sites 43/3, 43/4 Soyuz-2; Site 35 Angara-1.2; Site 35/1 Angara-A5)as of [1] ↑ Most pads |
| Annual launches | 2–3as of [1] | 1–2as of [1] | ~10as of [1]Military-dominant cadence; exact figure varies; estimate from public manifests |
| Max payload (LEO) | 1,500 kg to 500 km SSO (Nuri KSLV-II)as of [1] ↑ Highest capacity | 700 kg to SSO (Epsilon-S target)as of [1]Epsilon-S return-to-flight following 2022 failure under investigation | 24,500 kg to LEO (Angara A5)as of [1] |
| First operational launch | 2009-08-25as of [1]KSLV-1 first attempt (partially successful); first successful Korean orbital launch 2022-06-21 (Nuri) | 1970-02-11as of [1]Ohsumi — Japan's first satellite; first satellite launched by a non-superpower | 1966-03-17as of [1]Vostok-2 rocket — Plesetsk's first orbital launch |
| Regulatory regime | KASA (Korea AeroSpace Administration, established May 2024) / MSIT | MEXT / Cabinet Office Space Activities Act (2018, amended 2023) | Roscosmos State Corporation + Russian Ministry of Defence; subject to ITAR / OFAC / EU sanctions post-2022 |
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