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Over 70 licensed launch facilities now operate globally — 20 commissioned since 2020.
| Attribute | Plesetsk Cosmodrome 🇷🇺 Russia Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Operator-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | Russian Aerospace Forces (VKS) | Saudi Space Agency (SSA) + King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) | Houston Airport System |
| Ownership | Military | Government | Public-Private |
| Region | 🇷🇺 Russia | 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia | 🇺🇸 United States |
| Launch pads | 4 active (Sites 43/3, 43/4 Soyuz-2; Site 35 Angara-1.2; Site 35/1 Angara-A5)as of [1] ↑ Most pads | — | — |
| Annual launches | ~10as of [1]Military-dominant cadence; exact figure varies; estimate from public manifests | 0 (planned) | 0 |
| Max payload (LEO) | 24,500 kg to LEO (Angara A5)as of [1] ↑ Highest capacity | — | — |
| First operational launch | 1966-03-17as of [1]Vostok-2 rocket — Plesetsk's first orbital launch | 2018 | 2015 |
| Regulatory regime | Roscosmos State Corporation + Russian Ministry of Defence; subject to ITAR / OFAC / EU sanctions post-2022 | Communications, Space and Technology Commission (CST) civil licensing (established 2024) | FAA-AST Launch Site Operator License (horizontal launch) |
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