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Over 70 licensed launch facilities now operate globally — 20 commissioned since 2020.
| Attribute | Baikonur Cosmodrome 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Agency-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | Atlantic Spaceport Consortium (ASC) | Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) / Vietnam National Space Center (VNSC) | Roscosmos |
| Ownership | Public-Private | Government | International Consortium |
| Region | 🇵🇹 Portugal | 🇻🇳 Vietnam | 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan |
| Launch pads | — | — | 9 active (Soyuz-2 × 3, Proton-M × 2, Zenit × 1, Zenith-3SLB, and reserve pads)as of [1]Many historic pads retired; total complex has 52 pads historically ↑ Most pads |
| Annual launches | 0 | 0 | ~15as of [1] |
| Max payload (LEO) | — | — | 22,800 kg to LEO (Proton-M)as of [1] ↑ Highest capacity |
| First operational launch | 2025 | 2024 | 1957-10-04as of [1]Sputnik 1 — first artificial Earth satellite ever launched |
| Regulatory regime | Portuguese Space Agency (Portugal Space) + ANACOM, under Decree-Law 16/2019 (Space Activities Act) | Vietnam Law on Atomic Energy and pending space-activity legislation; no current orbital-launch licensing framework — would require new statute | Roscosmos (lease through 2050) / Kazakhstan KazCosmos co-oversight under 1994 lease agreement |
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