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Over 70 licensed launch facilities now operate globally — 20 commissioned since 2020.
| Attribute | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | Iranian Space Agency (ISA) / IRGC Aerospace Force | Highlands and Islands Enterprise / Orbex | Oita Prefecture / NTT Communications consortium |
| Ownership | Military | Public-Private | Public-Private |
| Region | 🇮🇷 Iran | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | 🇯🇵 Japan |
| Launch pads | — | — | — |
| Annual launches | 1-3 ↑ Most active | 0 | 0 |
| Max payload (LEO) | — | — | — |
| First operational launch | 2008 | 2023 | 2020 |
| Regulatory regime | Iranian Space Agency (ISA) civil; IRGC Aerospace Force military; subject to UN Security Council Resolution 2231 missile-technology restrictions and US OFAC / EU sanctions blocking all Western commercial engagement | UK CAA under the Space Industry Act 2018; planning consent granted Aug 2022 by Highland Council | MEXT / Cabinet Office Space Activities Act (2018, amended 2023); Oita Airport operates under Japan Civil Aviation Bureau |
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