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Over 70 licensed launch facilities now operate globally — 20 commissioned since 2020.
| Attribute | Starbase Boca Chica 🇺🇸 United States Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Operator-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | Baikonur Cosmodrome 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Agency-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | SpaceX | Roscosmos | Alaska Aerospace |
| Ownership | Private | International Consortium | State Enterprise |
| Region | 🇺🇸 United States | 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan | 🇺🇸 United States |
| Launch pads | 1 (Orbital Launch Mount A); second pad under constructionas of [1] | 9 active (Soyuz-2 × 3, Proton-M × 2, Zenit × 1, Zenith-3SLB, and reserve pads)as of [1]Many historic pads retired; total complex has 52 pads historically ↑ Most pads | — |
| Annual launches | 6–8 IFTs (2025 rate target)as of [2]IFT-1 through IFT-7 conducted 2023–2025; production cadence increasing ↑ Most active | ~15as of [1] | 2-5 |
| Max payload (LEO) | 100,000+ kg to LEO (Starship target, fully reusable)as of [1]150,000 kg expendable; fully reusable figure TBC pending HLS missions ↑ Highest capacity | 22,800 kg to LEO (Proton-M)as of [1] | — |
| First operational launch | 2023-04-20as of [1]Starship IFT-1 — first integrated flight test; vehicle lost at stage separation | 1957-10-04as of [1]Sputnik 1 — first artificial Earth satellite ever launched | 1998 |
| Regulatory regime | FAA-AST Part 450 vehicle operator license + site-specific Environmental Assessment / PEA | Roscosmos (lease through 2050) / Kazakhstan KazCosmos co-oversight under 1994 lease agreement | FAA-AST Part 450 commercial license; state-owned range safety |
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