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Over 70 licensed launch facilities now operate globally — 20 commissioned since 2020.
| Attribute | Alcantara Launch Center 🇧🇷 Brazil Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Operator-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | Roscosmos | Brazilian Air Force (FAB) / Agência Espacial Brasileira (AEB) | Russian Aerospace Forces (VKS) |
| Ownership | Government | Government | Military |
| Region | 🇷🇺 Russia | 🇧🇷 Brazil | 🇷🇺 Russia |
| Launch pads | — | 1 (CLA mobile launch vehicle; VLM-1 pad under development)as of [1] ↑ Most pads | — |
| Annual launches | 3-5 ↑ Most active | 0–1 (first orbital launch pending)as of [1]Sounding rockets operational; VLM-1 orbital debut targeted 2027 | 0-2 |
| Max payload (LEO) | — | ~150 kg to SSO (VLM-1 target)as of [1]Near-equatorial location (2.3°S) provides ~460 m/s velocity bonus for GTO missions ↑ Highest capacity | — |
| First operational launch | 2016 | 1990-11-21as of [1]VS-30 sounding rocket; first orbital attempt VLS-1 1997 (pad explosion); new era with VLM-1 | 1947 |
| Regulatory regime | Roscosmos (Russian federal jurisdiction, no foreign lease) | AEB regulatory framework; 2019 U.S.–Brazil Technology Safeguards Agreement enables U.S.-origin payload launches | Russian Ministry of Defence (closed military range); subject to comprehensive Western sanctions |
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