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Over 70 licensed launch facilities now operate globally — 20 commissioned since 2020.
| Attribute | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | New Mexico Spaceport Authority | SPACE COTAN Inc. | Russian Aerospace Forces (VKS) |
| Ownership | Public-Private | Private | Military |
| Region | 🇺🇸 United States | 🇯🇵 Japan | 🇷🇺 Russia |
| Launch pads | — | — | — |
| Annual launches | 5-10 ↑ Most active | 2-4 | 0-2 |
| Max payload (LEO) | — | — | — |
| First operational launch | 2011 | 2021 | 1947 |
| Regulatory regime | FAA-AST Launch Site Operator License (vertical + horizontal) | Cabinet Office Space Activities Act (2018, amended 2023); MEXT licensing | Russian Ministry of Defence (closed military range); subject to comprehensive Western sanctions |
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