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Over 70 licensed launch facilities now operate globally — 20 commissioned since 2020.
| Attribute | Baikonur Cosmodrome 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan Active · Last updated 2026-06-01Trust: Agency-primaryⓘ Last verified Remove × | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | Hainan International Commercial Aerospace Launch Center | Roscosmos | ISC Kosmotras (defunct) / Russian Strategic Rocket Forces |
| Ownership | State Enterprise | International Consortium | Military |
| Region | 🇨🇳 China | 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan | 🇷🇺 Russia |
| Launch pads | — | 9 active (Soyuz-2 × 3, Proton-M × 2, Zenit × 1, Zenith-3SLB, and reserve pads)as of [1]Many historic pads retired; total complex has 52 pads historically ↑ Most pads | — |
| Annual launches | 0 | ~15as of [1] | 0 |
| Max payload (LEO) | — | 22,800 kg to LEO (Proton-M)as of [1] ↑ Highest capacity | — |
| First operational launch | 2024 | 1957-10-04as of [1]Sputnik 1 — first artificial Earth satellite ever launched | 1999 |
| Regulatory regime | Chinese State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence (SASTIND); Hainan Free Trade Port commercial-launch licensing pilot | Roscosmos (lease through 2050) / Kazakhstan KazCosmos co-oversight under 1994 lease agreement | Russian Ministry of Defence + Roscosmos; commercial operations ceased after Russia-Ukraine cooperation collapse 2014/2022 |
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