Mariner 9 — first spacecraft to orbit another planet

Enters Mars orbit and waits out a planet-wide dust storm before mapping nearly the entire surface, revealing Olympus Mons, Valles Marineris, and the polar caps in unprecedented detail.

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Apollo 15 — first crewed Lunar Roving Vehicle drive

From the same era

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Prospero — Britain's only domestic orbital launch

From the same era

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Mars 3 — first soft landing on Mars

From the same era

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Pioneer 10 launches — first probe to Jupiter and through the asteroid belt

From the same era