opinion

China's road to 2045: ILRS lunar base with Russia, 2030 crewed Moon landing, Guowang and Qianfan megaconstellations, Tianwen-3 Mars sample return, and the new orbital cold war.

Governments worldwide spend over $100 billion annually on space. NASA, ESA, CNSA, JAXA, and ISRO each take a radically different approach. Here's the full breakdown of who spends what, and which programs create the most commercial opportunity.

The US $185B Golden Dome, China's anti-satellite arsenal, and Russia's nuclear space weapons. The 2026 space arms race compared across 8 major military powers.

Since the 2019 Space Force launch, ASAT tests, satellite jammers and orbital weapons have made space a warfighting domain. How worried should we really be?

Inside NASA's cleanrooms: how spacecraft bound for Mars are baked, scrubbed, and assayed to kill microbes, the COSPAR rules, and why contamination could ruin astrobiology.

When Iridium 33 and Cosmos 2251 collided in 2009, they made 2,000+ debris pieces. Who pays? The 1972 Liability Convention, FCC rules, and the unresolved legal mess.

US Space Force, NRO, Space Development Agency, Starshield, and China's ASAT weapons. How orbit became the new high ground and which nations are arming for space warfare.

The Artemis Accords explained: the 40+ countries that signed NASA's lunar framework since 2020, what the rules actually say, and why China and Russia refused.

Nobody owns the Moon, but the 1967 Outer Space Treaty, Artemis Accords and China's ILRS are rewriting lunar property rights as mining water ice becomes a real business.